NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 - Lines and Angles
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 - Lines and Angles serve as highly beneficial study materials for students encountering challenges in problem-solving. These solutions effectively address doubts, facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the subject. For students aspiring to attain high scores in Mathematics, diligent practice of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths is strongly recommended.
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The NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 - Lines and Angles are tailored to help the students master the concepts that are key to success in their classrooms. The solutions given in the PDF are developed by experts and correlate with the CBSE syllabus of 2023-2024. These solutions provide thorough explanations with a step-by-step approach to solving problems. Students can easily get a hold of the subject and learn the basics with a deeper understanding. Additionally, they can practice better, be confident, and perform well in their examinations with the support of this PDF.
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Students can access the NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Maths Chapter 5 - Lines and Angles. Curated by experts according to the CBSE syllabus for 2023–2024, these step-by-step solutions make Maths much easier to understand and learn for the students. These solutions can be used in practice by students to attain skills in solving problems, reinforce important learning objectives, and be well-prepared for tests.
Exercise 5.1
Find the complement of each of the following angles:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i) Two angles are said to be complementary if the sum of their measures is 90o.
The given angle is 20o
Let the measure of its complement be xo.
Then,
= x + 20o = 90o
= x = 90o – 20o
= x = 70o
Hence, the complement of the given angle measures 70o.
(ii) Two angles are said to be complementary if the sum of their measures is 90o.
The given angle is 63o
Let the measure of its complement be xo.
Then,
= x + 63o = 90o
= x = 90o – 63o
= x = 27o
Hence, the complement of the given angle measures 27o.
(iii) Two angles are said to be complementary if the sum of their measures is 90o.
The given angle is 57o
Let the measure of its complement be xo.
Then,
= x + 57o = 90o
= x = 90o – 57o
= x = 33o
Hence, the complement of the given angle measures 33o.
Identify which of the following pairs of angles are complementary and which are supplementary.
(i) 65o, 115o
(ii) 63o, 27o
(iii) 112o, 68o
(iv) 130o, 50o
(v) 45o, 45o
(vi) 80o, 10o
(i) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 65o + 115o
= 180o
If the sum of two angle measures is 180o, then the two angles are said to be supplementary.
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(ii) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 63o + 27o
= 90o
If the sum of two angle measures is 90o, then the two angles are said to be complementary.
∴ These angles are complementary angles.
(iii) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 112o + 68o
= 180o
If the sum of two angle measures is 180o, then the two angles are said to be supplementary.
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(iv) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 130o + 50o
= 180o
If the sum of two angle measures is 180o, then the two angles are said to be supplementary.
∴ These angles are supplementary angles.
(v) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 45o + 45o
= 90o
If the sum of two angle measures is 90o, then the two angles are said to be complementary.
∴ These angles are complementary angles.
(vi) We have to find the sum of given angles to identify whether the angles are complementary or supplementary.
Then,
= 80o + 10o
= 90o
If the sum of two angle measures is 90o, then the two angles are said to be complementary.
∴ These angles are complementary angles.
Find the angles which are equal to their complement.
Let the measure of the required angle be xo.
We know that the sum of measures of complementary angle pair is 90o.
Then,
= x + x = 90o
= 2x = 90o
= x = 90/2
= x = 45o
Hence, the required angle measure is 45o.
Find the angles which are equal to their supplement.
Let the measure of the required angle be xo.
We know that the sum of measures of supplementary angle pair is 180o.
Then,
= x + x = 180o
= 2x = 180o
= x = 180/2
= x = 90o
Hence, the required angle measure is 90o.
In the given figure, ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angles. If ∠1 is decreased, what changes should take place in ∠2 so that both angles still remain supplementary?
From the question, it is given that
∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angles.
If ∠1 is decreased, then ∠2 must be increased by the same value. Hence, this angle pair remains supplementary.
Can two angles be supplementary if both of them are:
(i). Acute?
(ii). Obtuse?
(iii). Right?
(i) No. If two angles are acute, which means less than 90o, then they cannot be supplementary because their sum will always be less than 90o.
(ii) No. If two angles are obtuse, which means more than 90o, then they cannot be supplementary because their sum will always be more than 180o.
(iii) Yes. If two angles are right, which means both measure 90o, then they can form a supplementary pair.
∴ 90o + 90o = 180
An angle is greater than 45o. Is its complementary angle greater than 45o or equal to 45o or less than 45o?
Let us assume the complementary angles be p and q,
We know that the sum of measures of complementary angle pair is 90o.
Then,
= p + q = 90o
It is given in the question that p > 45o
Adding q on both sides,
= p + q > 45o + q
= 90o > 45o + q
= 90o – 45o > q
= q < 45o
Hence, its complementary angle is less than 45o.
Indicate which pairs of angles are:
(i) Vertically opposite angles.
(ii) Linear pairs.
(i) By observing the figure, we can say that
∠1 and ∠4, ∠5 and ∠2 + ∠3 are vertically opposite angles. Because these two angles are formed by the intersection of two straight lines.
(ii) By observing the figure, we can say that,
∠1 and ∠5, ∠5 and ∠4, as these have a common vertex and also have non-common arms opposite to each other.
In the following figure, is ∠1 adjacent to ∠2? Give reasons.
∠1 and ∠2 are not adjacent angles because they are not lying on the same vertex.
Find the values of the angles x, y, and z in each of the following:
(i)
(ii)
(i) ∠x = 55o, because vertically opposite angles.
∠x + ∠y = 180o … [∵ linear pair]
= 55o + ∠y = 180o
= ∠y = 180o – 55o
= ∠y = 125o
Then, ∠y = ∠z … [∵ vertically opposite angles]
∴ ∠z = 125o
(ii) ∠z = 40o, because vertically opposite angles.
∠y + ∠z = 180o … [∵ linear pair]
= ∠y + 40o = 180o
= ∠y = 180o – 40o
= ∠y = 140o
Then, 40 + ∠x + 25 = 180o … [∵angles on straight line]
65 + ∠x = 180o
∠x = 180o – 65
∴ ∠x = 115o
Fill in the blanks.
(i) If two angles are complementary, then the sum of their measures is _______.
(ii) If two angles are supplementary, then the sum of their measures is ______.
(iii) Two angles forming a linear pair are _______________.
(iv) If two adjacent angles are supplementary, they form a ___________.
(v) If two lines intersect at a point, then the vertically opposite angles are always _____________.
(vi) If two lines intersect at a point, and if one pair of vertically opposite angles are acute angles, then the other pair of vertically opposite angles are __________.
(i) If two angles are complementary, then the sum of their measures is 90o.
(ii) If two angles are supplementary, then the sum of their measures is 180o.
(iii) Two angles forming a linear pair are supplementary.
(iv) If two adjacent angles are supplementary, they form a linear pair.
(v) If two lines intersect at a point, then the vertically opposite angles are always equal.
(vi) If two lines intersect at a point, and if one pair of vertically opposite angles are acute angles, then the other pair of vertically opposite angles are obtuse angles.
Find the supplement of each of the following angles:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i) Two angles are said to be supplementary if the sum of their measures is 180o.
The given angle is 105o
Let the measure of its supplement be xo.
Then,
= x + 105o = 180o
= x = 180o – 105o
= x = 75o
Hence, the supplement of the given angle measures 75o.
(ii) Two angles are said to be supplementary if the sum of their measures is 180o.
The given angle is 87o
Let the measure of its supplement be xo.
Then,
= x + 87o = 180o
= x = 180o – 87o
= x = 93o
Hence, the supplement of the given angle measures 93o.
(iii) Two angles are said to be supplementary if the sum of their measures is 180o.
The given angle is 154o
Let the measure of its supplement be xo.
Then,
= x + 154o = 180o
= x = 180o – 154o
= x = 26o
Hence, the supplement of the given angle measures 93o.
In the adjoining figure, name the following pairs of angles.
(i) Obtuse vertically opposite angles
(ii) Adjacent complementary angles
(iii) Equal supplementary angles
(iv) Unequal supplementary angles
(v) Adjacent angles that do not form a linear pair
(i) ∠AOD and ∠BOC are obtuse vertically opposite angles in the given figure.
(ii) ∠EOA and ∠AOB are adjacent complementary angles in the given figure.
(iii) ∠EOB and EOD are the equal supplementary angles in the given figure.
(iv) ∠EOA and ∠EOC are the unequal supplementary angles in the given figure.
(v) ∠AOB and ∠AOE, ∠AOE and ∠EOD, ∠EOD and ∠COD are the adjacent angles that do not form a linear pair in the given figure.
In the adjoining figure:
(i) Is ∠1 adjacent to ∠2?
(ii) Is ∠AOC adjacent to ∠AOE?
(iii) Do ∠COE and ∠EOD form a linear pair?
(iv) Are ∠BOD and ∠DOA supplementary?
(v) Is ∠1 vertically opposite to ∠4?
(vi) What is the vertically opposite angle of ∠5?
(i) By observing the figure, we came to conclude that,
Yes, as ∠1 and ∠2 have a common vertex, i.e., O and a common arm, OC.
Their non-common arms, OA and OE, are on both sides of the common arm.
(ii) By observing the figure, we came to conclude that,
No, since they have a common vertex O and common arm OA.
But, they have no non-common arms on both sides of the common arm.
(iii) By observing the figure, we came to conclude that,
Yes, as ∠COE and ∠EOD have a common vertex, i.e. O and a common arm OE.
Their non-common arms, OC and OD, are on both sides of the common arm.
(iv) By observing the figure, we came to conclude that,
Yes, as ∠BOD and ∠DOA have a common vertex, i.e. O and a common arm OE.
Their non-common arms, OA and OB, are opposite to each other.
(v) Yes, ∠1 and ∠2 are formed by the intersection of two straight lines AB and CD.
(vi) ∠COB is the vertically opposite angle of ∠5. Because these two angles are formed by the intersection of two straight lines AB and CD.
Exercise 5.2
In the adjoining figure, p ∥ q. Find the unknown angles.
By observing the figure,
∠d = ∠125o … [∵ corresponding angles]
We know that Linear pair is the sum of adjacent angles is 180o
Then,
= ∠e + 125o = 180o … [Linear pair]
= ∠e = 180o – 125o
= ∠e = 55o
From the rule of vertically opposite angles,
∠f = ∠e = 55o
∠b = ∠d = 125o
By the property of corresponding angles,
∠c = ∠f = 55o
∠a = ∠e = 55o
Find the value of x in each of the following figures if l ∥ m.
(i)
(ii)
(i) Let us assume the other angle on the line m be ∠y,
Then,
By the property of corresponding angles,
∠y = 110o
We know that Linear pair is the sum of adjacent angles is 180o
Then,
= ∠x + ∠y = 180o
= ∠x + 110o = 180o
= ∠x = 180o – 110o
= ∠x = 70o
(ii) By the property of corresponding angles,
∠x = 100o
In the given figure, the arms of the two angles are parallel.
If ∠ABC = 70o, then find
(i) ∠DGC
(ii) ∠DEF
(i) Let us consider AB ∥ DG.
BC is the transversal line intersecting AB and DG.
By the property of corresponding angles
∠DGC = ∠ABC
Then,
∠DGC = 70o
(ii) Let us consider BC ∥ EF.
DE is the transversal line intersecting BC and EF.
By the property of corresponding angles
∠DEF = ∠DGC
Then,
∠DEF = 70o
State the property that is used in each of the following statements.
(i) If a ∥ b, then ∠1 = ∠5.
(ii) If ∠4 = ∠6, then a ∥ b.
(iii) If ∠4 + ∠5 = 180o, then a ∥ b.
(i) Corresponding angles property is used in the above statement.
(ii) Alternate interior angles property is used in the above statement.
(iii) Interior angles on the same side of the transversal are supplementary.
In the adjoining figure, identify
(i) The pairs of corresponding angles.
(ii) The pairs of alternate interior angles.
(iii) The pairs of interior angles on the same side of the transversal.
(iv) The vertically opposite angles.
(i) By observing the figure, the pairs of the corresponding angles are
∠1 and ∠5, ∠4 and ∠8, ∠2 and ∠6, ∠3 and ∠7
(ii) By observing the figure, the pairs of alternate interior angles are
∠2 and ∠8, ∠3 and ∠5
(iii) By observing the figure, the pairs of interior angles on the same side of the transversal are ∠2 and ∠5, ∠3 and ∠8.
(iv) By observing the figure, the vertically opposite angles are,
∠1 and ∠3, ∠5 and ∠7, ∠2 and ∠4, ∠6 and ∠8
In the given figures below, decide whether l is parallel to m.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(i) Let us consider the two lines, l and m.
n is the transversal line intersecting l and m.
We know that the sum of interior angles on the same side of the transversal is 180o.
Then,
= 126o + 44o
= 170o
But, the sum of interior angles on the same side of transversal is not equal to 180o.
So, line l is not parallel to line m.
(ii) Let us assume ∠x be the vertically opposite angle formed due to the intersection of the straight line l and transversal n,
Then, ∠x = 75o
Let us consider the two lines, l and m.
n is the transversal line intersecting l and m.
We know that the sum of interior angles on the same side of the transversal is 180o.
Then,
= 75o + 75o
= 150o
But, the sum of interior angles on the same side of transversal is not equal to 180o.
So, line l is not parallel to line m.
(iii) Let us assume ∠x be the vertically opposite angle formed due to the intersection of the Straight line l and transversal line n.
Let us consider the two lines, l and m.
n is the transversal line intersecting l and m.
We know that the sum of interior angles on the same side of the transversal is 180o.
Then,
= 123o + ∠x
= 123o + 57o
= 180o
∴ The sum of interior angles on the same side of the transversal is equal to 180o.
So, line l is parallel to line m.
(iv) Let us assume ∠x be the angle formed due to the intersection of the Straight line l and transversal line n.
We know that the Linear pair is the sum of adjacent angles equal to 180o.
= ∠x + 98o = 180o
= ∠x = 180o – 98o
= ∠x = 82o
Now, we consider ∠x and 72o are the corresponding angles.
For l and m to be parallel to each other, corresponding angles should be equal.
But, in the given figure, corresponding angles measure 82o and 72o, respectively.
∴ Line l is not parallel to line m.
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