NCERT Solutions for Science Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals

(a) sanctuary

 

(b) endemic

 

(c) climate

(a)  The difference between wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve is given below

(b) The difference between zoo and wildlife sanctuary is given below

(c) The difference between endangered and extinct species is given below

(d) The difference between flora and fauna is given below

 

(a) Effects of deforestation on wild animals: 

The destruction of trees or other vegetation from an area for industrial, agricultural, or other uses is known as deforestation. Many animals' habitats are made up of trees and other vegetation. As a result, if wild animal habitat is lost, their numbers will naturally drop.

(b) Effects of Deforestation on the Environment:

Photosynthesis occurs when plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere. The level of CO2 in the atmosphere will rise if plants are killed. As a result, more heat radiation will be trapped by CO2, contributing to global warming. The natural water cycle will be disrupted if the Earth's temperature rises. As a result, there will be a shift in the pattern of rainfall. This could result in flooding or other disasters.

(c) Effects of Deforestation on Villages:

The main source of revenue in the village is farming, which requires fertile soil. The trees are the ones who keep the soil fruitful by holding on to it. Without trees, the soil will become loose and readily swept away by the wind, and water will cause erosion, reducing the land's productivity. As a result, deforestation will have an impact on the villagers' livelihood.

(d) Effects of Deforestation on Cities:

Because the amount of pollution in cities will be high, as will the level of CO2, trees will be required to clean up the pollutants and give fresh air. However, deforestation will result in a rise in pollution, particularly CO2 emissions from automobiles and industrial waste. It may also raise the temperature in the area, disrupting the water cycle.

(e)  Effects of deforestation on the Earth:

From a bird's eye view, if the number of forests decreases day by day, this will result in an increase in CO2 levels in the air, which will cause global warming by raising the temperature, causing polar ice to melt and sea levels to rise, potentially causing natural disasters. All of this is due to deforestation.

(f) Imagine the impact that deforestation will have on the following generation, as we have witnessed the effects of deforestation on a worldwide scale. The likelihood of global warming, soil erosion, greenhouse effect, drought, and flood increases as the number of trees decreases day by day. As a result, these are the other issues that the next generation will confront.

 

(a) If we continue to cut down trees indefinitely, the trees will eventually vanish from the face of the earth. Animals and birds will be displaced from their natural environment. Biodiversity will be extinct. The water cycle has been thrown off. The rainfall pattern has been thrown off. There are floods and droughts to be seen. Soil degradation, desertification, and natural disasters will all become more common.

 

(b)  When an animal's habitat is damaged, it loses access to basic necessities such as food, shelter, and protection. Creatures will murder other animals for sustenance, putting the survival of the fittest hypothesis into effect. Both vegetation and animals will dwindle in the end.

 

(c) If the top layer of the soil is exposed, the nourishing lower layer of the soil, which is hard and rocky in character, will gradually open. Continuous soil erosion depletes the humus content of the soil, rendering it barren and unproductive.

 

(a) Plants and animals, as well as microorganisms, make up biodiversity. We all know that all living things are dependent on one another in some way. For example, food, nutrients, and shelter. As a result, if one of the pieces is impacted, the other two will be affected as well. To maintain biodiversity, all of its components must be cultivated and cared for.

 

(b) People who live near protected woods use the resources for their own needs, so the forests are not fully safe for wild animals. They murder animals for personal gain and sell the resulting products for a profit.

 

(c) Forests provide food, fodder, and fallen tree branches for tribals. As a result, people rely on wood for their everyday needs.

 

(d) Deforestation occurs for a variety of reasons. 

i. Forests are destroyed to accommodate developing urban centers and meet their ever-increasing needs.

ii. Forests are cut down to make way for crops and livestock grazing.

iii. Trees are felled for use as firewood.

Deforestation has the following consequences:

i. Soil erosion

ii. Biodiversity loss

iii. Floods and droughts

iv. Climate change as a result of global warming 

v. Water cycle disruption

 

(e) The Red Data Book is a reference book that keeps track of all endangered animal and plant species around the world. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) maintains this database (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural resources).

 

(f) The movement of an organism or a group of organisms from one place to another at a specific time each year is referred to as migration. Organisms move from one location to another to avoid harsh climatic circumstances or to reproduce.

 

 No, chopping down trees to meet the needs of the human population is not justified. Trees provide a home for a wide range of animals and microbes. They give off O2 and absorb dangerous CO2 gas from the atmosphere, providing us with high-quality air. They protect against soil erosion as well as other natural calamities such as floods. They aid in the fertility of the soil and protect the planet from global warming, or the greenhouse effect, which is caused by people. The removal of forests will upset the natural balance. As a result, tree cutting for personal benefit should be prohibited, and forests should be preserved.

 

To begin, one should take care of the plants and trees that are already flourishing in the area in order to contribute to society's green wealth. Later, you can take action by planting more trees in the area. After that, one can begin to raise awareness among the general public and explain the significance to them. The tagline for the campaigns should be "each one plant one," and more trees should be planted and grown.

 

Deforestation refers to the removal of plants and other trees from the environment for industrial, agricultural, or human interests. Trees regulate the CO2 and O2 levels in the atmosphere and safeguard the planet from global warming. It also aids in the preservation of the earth's water cycle. Deforestation has the potential to disrupt the water cycle, raise global temperatures, and alter rainfall patterns. It can also cause draughts in certain areas.

 

The Corbett National Park is one of the national parks near Delhi.

 

Paper is made from trees, as we all know. A tonne of paper requires seventeen fully grown trees. We also know that trees help to maintain the natural balance. As a result, we should conserve paper, which will save trees and, as a result, our ecosystem.

Paper can be saved by: 

1. decreasing the amount of paper used.

2. using both sides of the paper 

3. recycling paper

4. raising awareness about the dangers of misusing it

 

Down

1. Endangered

2. Red Data Book

5. Drought

Across

1. Extinct

3. Endemic

4. Biodiversity