Time and Calendar for Class 5 [+12 Practice Worksheets]

This is a comprehensive lesson plan for teaching time and calendar to grade 5 students. The lesson is designed to make the concepts easy and engage students with activities like quizzes, practice questions, worksheets and real-life examples.

Teachers can use this guide as a reference for delivering the concepts to students and engaging them in the classroom with the various questions and examples given in this page.

For parents, there are 12 downloadable practice worksheets that they can use for their kids.

In this article, you will learn:

• Understand the concept of time and how to read a clock.
• Differentiate between the 12-hour and 24-hour clock system.
• Learn conversion of time units (hours to minutes, minutes to seconds, etc.).
• Read and interpret a calendar, including months, weeks, and leap years.
• Solve problems on addition and subtraction of time.
• Understand how time is used in real-life scenarios like travel, school schedules, and sports.

 

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What is Time?

Time is a continuous sequence of events from the past to the future. We use clocks, watches, and calendars to measure time. It helps us organize our day, plan our activities, and set schedules.

Types of Time Measurement

Seconds: The smallest unit of time measurement, used to measure short durations.

Minutes: Composed of 60 seconds, used in everyday timekeeping.

Hours: 60 minutes make an hour, helping structure the day into manageable parts.

Days: 24 hours form a day, used to measure long durations.

Weeks: 7 days make a week, commonly used for planning schedules and routines.

Months: Consist of 28 to 31 days, help track longer periods.

Years: 12 months make a year, marking the passage of time in the calendar.

 

Practice Questions:

1. Why is time management important in daily life?

2. How many seconds are there in 5 minutes?

3. Convert 3 hours into minutes.

4. If one day has 24 hours, how many hours are there in a week?

 

How Do We Measure Time?

 

Practice Questions:

1. How many seconds are there in 5 minutes?

2. Convert 3 hours into minutes.

3. If one day has 24 hours, how many hours are there in a week?

 

Types of Clocks

1. Analog Clock – Uses hands to show hours, minutes, and seconds. It has numbers from 1 to 12 and is commonly found in homes and schools.

2. Digital Clock – Displays time in numbers, often in the 24-hour format. It is commonly used in electronic devices.

3. 12-hour vs 24-hour clock – Used to differentiate between AM (morning) and PM (afternoon/evening). The 12-hour format uses AM and PM, while the 24-hour format runs continuously from 00:00 to 23:59.

 

Practice Questions:

1. What is the difference between an analog and a digital clock?

2. How do you convert a 12-hour time format into a 24-hour format?

3. If the time is 14:45 in a 24-hour clock, what is it in a 12-hour format?

 

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Understanding the Calendar

A calendar helps us track days, weeks, and months in a year. It provides a systematic way to organize and schedule events, birthdays, school activities, and holidays.

Months in a Year

 

Practice Questions:

1. How many months in a year have 31 days?

2. What is the purpose of a calendar?

3. How many days are there in February in a leap year?

 

Leap Year

A leap year occurs every four years, adding an extra day to February (29 days instead of 28). Leap years ensure that our calendar stays in alignment with the Earth’s revolutions around the Sun.

Why Do We Have Leap Years?

A normal year has 365 days, but the Earth actually takes 365.25 days to complete one full orbit around the Sun. The extra 0.25 days add up over four years (0.25 × 4 = 1 extra day), so an extra day is added to February every four years. This keeps our calendar aligned with Earth’s actual orbit.

Leap Year Rules

A year is a leap year if:

• It is divisible by 4 (e.g., 2024, 2028, 2032).

• However, if the year is divisible by 100 (e.g., 1900, 2100), it is not a leap year unless it is also divisible by 400 (e.g., 2000, 2400).
  
  

Examples of Leap Years

• Leap Year: 2020, 2024, 2028, 2032

• Non-Leap Year: 1900, 2100 (not divisible by 400)

• Special Case: 2000 (divisible by 400, so it was a leap year)

 

Effects of a Leap Year

• February 29 exists only in a leap year.

• People born on February 29 (Leap Day) celebrate their birthdays only once every four years.

• Leap years prevent seasonal drift by keeping our calendar synchronized with Earth's orbit.

Practice Questions:

1. What is the rule for identifying a leap year?

2. Why do we have leap years?

3. What was the last leap year? When will the next leap year be?

 

How to Read a Calendar?

• Identify the day and date.

• Count weeks and months.

• Find special events and holidays.

• Understand weekdays and weekends.

• Determine the number of days between the two dates.

 

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Conversion of Time Units

Converting Hours to Minutes

Formula: 1 hour = 60 minutes

Example: Convert 5 hours to minutes. Solution: 5 × 60 = 300 minutes

Converting Minutes to Seconds

Formula: 1 minute = 60 seconds

Example: Convert 3 minutes to seconds. Solution: 3 × 60 = 180 seconds

Converting Days to Hours

Formula: 1 day = 24 hours

Example: Convert 2 days into hours. Solution: 2 × 24 = 48 hours

Converting Weeks to Days

Formula: 1 week = 7 days

Example: Convert 3 weeks into days. Solution: 3 × 7 = 21 days

Practice Questions:

1. Convert 7 hours into minutes.

2. Convert 15 minutes into seconds.

3. Convert 4 days into hours.

4. Convert 720 seconds into minutes.

5. Convert 3 weeks into days.

6. Convert 5 months into days (assuming a 30-day month).

 

Operations on Time

Addition of Time

When adding time, we follow these steps:

Steps for Adding:

1. Arrange the given time values in columns for hours, minutes, and seconds.

2. Start adding seconds.

• If the sum of seconds is 60 or more, subtract 60 and add 1 to the minutes column.

3. Add the minutes.

• If the sum of minutes is 60 or more, subtract 60 and add 1 to the hours column.

4. Add the hours.

5. Write the final result in the correct format.

Example 1: Adding Time

Question. Add 2 hours 30 minutes 45 seconds and 1 hour 50 minutes 30 seconds.

Solution:

Hours	Minutes	Seconds
2	30	45
+ 1	50	30

Since 75 seconds is more than 60, we:

• Subtract 60 from 75 = 15 seconds

• Add 1 minute to the minutes column.

Now, the new minutes column becomes 81 minutes. Since 81 minutes is more than 60, we:

• Subtract 60 from 81 = 21 minutes

• Add 1 hour to the hours column.

Final Answer: 4 hours 21 minutes 15 seconds

 

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Subtraction of Time

When subtracting time, follow these steps:

Steps for Subtraction:

1. Write the larger time value on top.

2. Start subtracting seconds.

• If the top number is smaller, borrow 1 minute (convert it into 60 seconds).

3. Subtract the minutes.

• If the top number is smaller, borrow 1 hour (convert it into 60 minutes).

4. Subtract the hours.

5. Write the final result in the correct format.

Example 2: Subtracting Time

Question. Subtract 3 hours 25 minutes 50 seconds from 6 hours 10 minutes 30 seconds.

Solution:

Hours	Minutes	Seconds
6	10	30
- 3	25	50

Seconds: 30 is smaller than 50, so borrow 1 minute (convert it into 60 seconds).

• Now, seconds = (30 + 60) = 90 seconds.

• Subtract: 90 - 50 = 40 seconds.

Minutes: 9 is smaller than 25, so borrow 1 hour (convert it into 60 minutes).

• Now, minutes = (9 + 60) = 69 minutes.

• Subtract: 70 - 25 = 45 minutes.

Hours: 5 - 3 = 2 hours.

Final Answer: 2 hours 44 minutes 40 seconds

 

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Real-Life Examples of Time and Calendar Usage

1. School Timetable – Schools follow fixed class schedules, break times, and holidays.

2. Travel – Flight and train schedules use the 24-hour clock system.

3. Sports – Stopwatch measures race times in seconds and milliseconds.

4. Cooking – Cooking recipes require timing (boiling for 5 minutes, baking for 40 minutes, etc.).

5. TV Shows and Movie Schedules – TV schedules run on 12-hour and 24-hour formats.

6. Appointments – Doctors, salons, and offices use time slots.

7. Festivals & Birthdays – People use calendars to plan celebrations.

 

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Fun Facts & Formula Chart 

Fun Facts About Time

• The longest day on Earth is June 21 (Summer Solstice).

• The shortest day is December 21 (Winter Solstice).

• A day on Venus is longer than a year on Venus!

• The word "clock" comes from the Latin word clocca, meaning bell.

 

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Things You Have Learned!

• Time is measured in hours, minutes, and seconds.
• A day has 24 hours and a year has 12 months.
• Leap years have 366 days.
• Time can be converted into different units.
• Calendars help track dates, festivals, and schedules.