Factors & Multiples - Types of numbers for Class 4

This is a comprehensive lesson plan for teaching factors and multiples - types of numbers to grade 4 students. The lesson is designed to make the concepts easy and engage students with activities like quizzes, practice questions and worksheets.

Teachers can use this guide as a reference for delivering the concepts to students and engaging them in the classroom with the various questions and examples given on this page.

For parents, there are 12 downloadable practice worksheets that they can use for their kids.

In this article, you will learn

• A brief on factors and multiples

• Even numbers, Odd numbers, Prime numbers, Composite numbers with examples

 

Factors & Multiples - Types of numbers

Factors are the numbers which can divide the given number in such a way so that the number is completely divided with no remainder. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12 .

Multiples are the numbers you get when a given number is multiplied by whole numbers. For example, the multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and so on.

Actually, factors tear something apart into separate items, and multiples are the results of multiplication.

 

Even Numbers

What are even numbers?

Even numbers are those which are divisible by 2 without leaving a remainder.

Always multiples of 2, they can be divided into two equal groups.

Even numbers always end with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.

Examples of Even Numbers:

2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30.

 

Notice how all of these numbers can be divided evenly by 2. 

For example:

12 ÷ 2 = 6

28 ÷ 2 = 14

 

How do you find if a number is even?

• Check the last digit: If it is 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 it's even.

• Example: 54 is even because it ends in 4.

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Odd Numbers

What are odd numbers?

Odd numbers are those that can't be divided by 2 without a remainder.

When an odd number is divided by 2, there's always a remainder of 1.

Odd numbers always have a unit digit of 1, 3, 5, 7 or 9

Examples of Odd Numbers:

1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29.

Example:

• 7 ÷ 2 = 3 remainder 1

• 19 ÷ 2 = 9 remainder 1

 

Prime Numbers

What are prime numbers?

Prime numbers are those that only have two factors: 1 and the number itself.

In other words, a prime number cannot be divided evenly by any number other than 1 and the number itself.

Examples of Prime Numbers:

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37.

Let's check:

• 5 is prime because its only factors are 1 and 5.

• 11 is prime because its only factors are 1 and 11.

• Attempt to divide the number by any other number except 1 and the number.

 

Look at the examples:

• 13 is prime because it can only be divided evenly by 1 and itself.

• 15 is not prime because it can be divided evenly by 1, 3, 5, and itself.

 

Composite Numbers

What are composite numbers?

Composite numbers are numbers with more than two factors.

That is, composite numbers are those that can be divided evenly by numbers other than 1 and the number itself.

These numbers have friends they can be divided by. 

Examples of Composite Numbers:

4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 26.

 

Examples:

• 12 is composite as its factors are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12

• 18 is composite as its factors are 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 18

 

Fun Fact:

• This is the Number 1 special - The number 1 is neither prime nor composite. That is, 1 is the only integer that has exactly one factor-that is itself. 

• A prime number has only two factors: the number itself, and 1. It cannot be divided by another number.  For example, 7 is a prime number because it's only factors are 1 and 7.

• Multiples go indefinitely - There are infinite multiples of any number. So for example the multiples of five are - five, ten, fifteen, twenty, twenty-five, and countless more. 

 

Comparison of Types of Numbers:

Quiz

1. Which of the following is a factor of 36?

a) 2

b) 9

c) 15

d) 17

 

2. Which of the following is a multiple of 7?

a) 22

b) 35

c) 41

d) 49

 

3. Which of the following is NOT a prime number?

a) 13

b) 17

c) 19

d) 21

 

4. Which of the following is an odd number?

a) 10

b) 12

c) 15

d) 18

 

5. What is the smallest even prime number?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

 

Orchids' learning material

Click the button to download the e-book

Factors and Multiples

 

FAQs

How many kinds of factors are there and what are they?

There are two main types of factors: Prime factors (factors which are prime numbers) and Composite factors (factors which are composite numbers).

What are factors and multiple rules?

Factors: A factor is that number, which divides another number without leaving a remainder and which is itself an integer.

Multiples: A multiple of a number is the product of that number with an integer.

How many factors does any number have?

The factors of a number depend on its divisibility. Some numbers have only a few factors while others, such as composite numbers have many factors.

How to teach factors and multiples?

Use interactive materials such as factor trees, multiplication tables, and actual examples in real life, such as counting a bunch of items by making them into groups.

 

Things you have learned!

• Types of numbers - even, odd, prime and composite along with examples
• Divisibility rules for each of them