Mathematics as a subject is a part of the core subjects for some XII students who have opted for a set of subjects, and an elective for some who have opted for another set of subjects. In both instances, the subject has the same syllabus. It covers mostly calculus and algebra with mathematics, vectors, geometry, etc included in the minority. It is much more intense in terms of difficulty as compared to the previous years.
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The cbse syllabus for the year 2024-2025 is divided into two terms. The detailed curriculum as well as the marking scheme is described below.
Types of relations: Reflexive, symmetric, transitive and equivalence relations. One to one and onto functions, composite functions, inverse of a function. Binary operations.
Definition, range, domain, principal value branches. Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions. Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions.
Concept, notation, order, equality, types of matrices, zero matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices. Addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication of matrices, simple properties of addition, multiplication and scalar multiplication. Non-commutativity of multiplication of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2). Concept of elementary row and column operations. Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).
Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 × 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, cofactors and applications of determinants in finding the area of a triangle. Adjoint and inverse of a square matrix. Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of linear equations by examples, solving system of linear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix.
Continuity and differentiability, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of implicit function. Concepts of exponential, logarithmic functions. Derivatives of loge x and ex . Logarithmic differentiation. Derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives. Rolle’s and Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretations.
Applications of derivatives: Rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents and normals, approximation, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool). Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-life situations). 6
Integration as inverse process of differentiation. Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts, only simple integrals of the type and to be evaluated. Definite integrals as a limit of a sum. Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof). Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals.
Applications in finding the area under simple curves, especially lines, arcs of circles/parabolas/ellipses (in standard form only), area between the two above said curves (the region should be cleraly identifiable).
Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation. Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given. Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables, homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree. Solutions of linear differential equation of the type – , dy Py Q dx + = where P and Q are functions of x or constant + = , dx Px Q dy where P and Q are functions of y or constant
Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ratios of vectors. Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and collinear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multiplication of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Scalar (dot) product of vectors, projection of a vector on a line. Vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple product.
Direction cosines/ratios of a line joining two points. Cartesian and vector equation of a line, coplanar and skew lines, shortest distance between two lines. Cartesian and vector equation of a plane. Angle between (i) two lines, (ii) two planes, (iii) a line and a plane. Distance of a point from a plane. 7
Introduction, related terminology such as constraints, objective function, optimization, different types of linear programming (L.P.) problems, mathematical formulation of L.P. problems, graphical method of solution for problems in two variables, feasible and infeasible regions, feasible and infeasible solutions, optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constrains).
Multiplications theorem on probability. Conditional probability, independent events, total probability, Baye’s theorem. Random variable and its probability distribution, mean and variance of haphazard variable. Repeated independent (Bernoulli) trials and Binomial distribution.
No. |
Units |
Marks |
---|---|---|
I. |
Relations and Functions |
08 |
II. |
Algebra |
10 |
III. |
Calculus |
17 |
V. |
Linear Programming |
05 |
|
Total |
40 |
|
Internal Assessment |
10 |
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT |
10 MARKS |
---|---|
Periodic Test |
5 Marks |
Mathematics Activities: Activity file record +Term end assessment of one activity & Viva |
5 Marks |
No. |
Units |
Marks |
---|---|---|
III. |
Calculus |
18 |
IV. |
Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry |
14 |
VI. |
Probability |
8 |
|
Total |
40 |
|
Internal Assessment |
10 |
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT |
10 MARKS |
---|---|
Periodic Test |
5 Marks |
Mathematics Activities: Activity file record +Term end assessment of one activity & Viva |
5 Marks |
There are 6 chapters in the CBSE Class 12 syllabus for Maths.
You can get the free PDF for CBSE Syllabus Class 12 Maths on the website of Orchids International School.
To prepare for the Class 12 Maths exam effectively, learn the key concepts given in the syllabus. Additionally, practice each question given in the textbook and revise the topics thoroughly.
Some of the good resources for studying Class 12 Maths are NCERT textbooks, worksheets, and practice materials from some reputed schools like the Orchids International School.
The concepts covered in the CBSE Class 12 syllabus are very basic which helps students to understand the fundamentals and lay a solid foundation for higher classes.
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