The subject Chemistry is one of the core subjects for class XII. It is the study of matter at its fundamental level and deals with the nature of matter and how it reacts in certain situations. The topics covered during the academic year of 2024-2025 in the syllabus of chemistry are in two formats : theoretical and practical. The theory part can be divided into three sub-categories : inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry. The syllabus takes you through the intricacies of the subject matter. The detailed cbse syllabus as well as the curriculum and weightage distribution is given below.
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Chemistry Part I for Class XII
Chemistry Part II for Class XII
Classification of solids based on different binding forces: molecular, ionic, covalent and metallic solids, amorphous and crystalline solids (elementary idea). Unit cell in two dimensional and three dimensional lattices, calculation of density of unit cell, packing in solids, packing efficiency, voids, number of atoms per unit cell in a cubic unit cell, point defects.
Types of solutions, expression of concentration of solutions of solids in liquids, solubility of gases in liquids, solid solutions, Raoult's law, colligative properties - relative lowering of vapour pressure, elevation of boiling point, depression of freezing point, osmotic pressure, determination of molecular masses using colligative properties.
Group -15 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, oxidation states, trends in physical and chemical properties; Nitrogen preparation properties and uses; compounds of Nitrogen: preparation and properties of Ammonia and Nitric Acid.
Group 16 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, dioxygen: preparation, properties and uses, classification of Oxides, Ozone, Sulphur -allotropic forms; compounds of Sulphur: preparation properties and uses of Sulphur-dioxide, Sulphuric Acid: properties and uses; Oxoacids of Sulphur (Structures only).
Group 17 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, oxidation states, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties; compounds of halogens, Preparation, properties and uses of Chlorine and Hydrochloric acid, interhalogen compounds, Oxoacids of halogens (structures only).
Group 18 Elements: General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, trends in physical and chemical properties, uses.
Haloalkanes: Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond, physical and chemical properties, optical rotation mechanism of substitution reactions.
Haloarenes: Nature of C–X bond, substitution reactions (Directive influence of halogen in monosubstituted compounds only).
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers: Alcohols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties (of primary alcohols only), identification of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, mechanism of dehydration.
Phenols: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, acidic nature of phenol, electrophillic substitution reactions, uses of phenols.
Ethers: Nomenclature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses
Carbohydrates - Classification (aldoses and ketoses), monosaccharides (glucose and fructose), D-L configuration
Proteins -Elementary idea of - amino acids, peptide bond, polypeptides, proteins, structure of proteins - primary, secondary, tertiary structure and quaternary structures (qualitative idea only), denaturation of proteins.
Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA
Redox reactions, EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential, Nernst equation and its application to chemical cells, Relation between Gibbs energy change and EMF of a cell, conductance in electrolytic solutions, specific and molar conductivity, variations of conductivity with concentration, Kohlrausch's Law, electrolysis.
Rate of a reaction (Average and instantaneous), factors affecting rate of reaction: concentration, temperature, catalyst; order and molecularity of a reaction, rate law and specific rate constant, integrated rate equations and half-life (only for zero and first order reactions).
Adsorption - physisorption and chemisorption, factors affecting adsorption of gases on solids, colloidal state: distinction between true solutions, colloids and suspension; lyophilic, lyophobic, multi-molecular and macromolecular colloids; properties of colloids; Tyndall effect, Brownian movement, electrophoresis, coagulation.
General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence and characteristics of transition metals, general trends in properties of the first row transition metals – metallic character, ionization enthalpy, oxidation states, ionic radii, colour, catalytic property, magnetic properties, interstitial compounds, alloy formation.
Lanthanoids - Electronic configuration, oxidation states and lanthanoid contraction and its consequences.
Coordination compounds - Introduction, ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear coordination compounds. Bonding, Werner's theory, VBT, and CFT.
Aldehydes and Ketones: Nomenclature, nature of carbonyl group, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, mechanism of nucleophilic addition, reactivity of alpha hydrogen in aldehydes, uses.
Carboxylic Acids: Nomenclature, acidic nature, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties; uses.
Nomenclature, classification, structure, methods of preparation, physical and chemical properties, uses, identification of primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:
i. Oxalic acid,
ii. Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).
Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt.
Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+ Anions – (CO3)2- , S2- , NO2 - , SO3 2- , SO42- , NO3-, Cl- , Br- , I- , PO4 3- , C2O4 2- ,CH3COO- (Note:
Insoluble salts excluded)
A. Chromatography
i. Separation of pigments from extracts of leaves and flowers by paper chromatography and determination of Rf values.
ii.Separation of constituents present in an inorganic mixture containing two cations only (constituents having large difference in Rf values to be provided).
B. Characteristic tests of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in pure samples and their detection in given foodstuffs.
Determination of concentration/ molarity of KMnO4 solution by titrating it against a standard solution of:
i. Oxalic acid,
ii. Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate
(Students will be required to prepare standard solutions by weighing themselves).
Determination of one cation and one anion in a given salt.
Cations- Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Al3+, Fe3+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mg2+, NH4+ Anions – (CO3)2- , S2- , NO2 - , SO3 2- , SO42- , NO3-, Cl- , Br- , I- , PO4 3- , C2O4 2- ,CH3COO- (Note:
Insoluble salts excluded)
A. Preparation of Inorganic Compounds
Preparation of double salt of Ferrous Ammonium Sulphate or Potash Alum. Preparation of Potassium Ferric Oxalate.
B. Tests for the functional groups present in organic compounds:
Unsaturation, alcoholic, phenolic, aldehydic, ketonic, carboxylic and amino (Primary) groups.
S.No |
UNIT |
Periods |
MARKS |
---|---|---|---|
1 |
Solid State |
8 |
10 |
2 |
Solutions |
8 |
|
3 |
p-Block Elements |
7 |
10 |
4 |
Haloalkanes and Haloarenes |
9 |
15 |
5 |
Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers |
9 |
|
6 |
Biomolecules |
8 |
|
TOTAL |
49 |
35 |
S. No |
Practical |
Marks |
---|---|---|
1. |
Volumetric Analysis |
4 |
2. |
Salt Analysis |
4 |
3. |
Content Based experiment |
2 |
4. |
Class record and viva(Internal Examiner) |
5 |
TOTAL |
15 |
S.No |
UNIT |
No. of Periods |
MARKS |
---|---|---|---|
1 |
Electrochemistry |
7 |
13 |
2 |
Chemical Kinetics |
5 |
|
3 |
Surface Chemistry |
5 |
|
4 |
d-and f-Block Elements |
7 |
9 |
5 |
Coordination Compounds |
8 |
|
6 |
Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids |
10 |
13 |
7 |
Amines |
7 |
|
TOTAL |
49 |
35 |
S. No |
Practical |
Marks |
---|---|---|
1. |
Volumetric Analysis |
4 |
2. |
Salt Analysis |
4 |
3 |
Content-Based Experiment |
2 |
4 |
Project Work and Viva(Internal and External Both) |
5 |
TOTAL |
15 |
There are 10 chapters in the CBSE Class 12 syllabus for Chemistry.
You can get the free PDF for CBSE Syllabus Class 12 Chemistry on the website of Orchids International School.
To prepare for the Class 12 Chemistry exam effectively, learn the key concepts given in the syllabus. Additionally, practice each question given in the textbook and revise the topics thoroughly.
Some of the good resources for studying Class 12 Chemistry are NCERT textbooks, worksheets, and practice materials from some reputed schools like the Orchids International School.
The concepts covered in the CBSE Class 12 syllabus are very basic which helps students to understand the fundamentals and lay a solid foundation for higher classes.
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