CBSE Syllabus for Class 10 Science 2024-2025

CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus

As students will be attempting their first board examinations in Class 10, it is one of the most challenging years of a student's life. The CBSE Syllabus for Class 10 Science for the academic year 2024-2025 has been prepared following the Board's standards. The exams will likewise be divided into two parts based on the syllabus for each term. The CBSE Special Scheme of Assessment has been implemented for the board examinations 2024-25, which has resulted in this alteration.

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COURSE STRUCTURE 

Evaluation Scheme
Theory
Units	Term- I	Marks
I	Chemical Substances- Nature and Behaviour: Chapter 1, 2 and 3	16
II	World of Living : Chapter 6	10
III	Natural Phenomenon : Chapter 10 and 11	14
Units	Term- II	Marks
I	Chemical Substances- Nature and Behaviour: Chapter 4 and 5	10
II	World of Living: Chapter 8 and 9	13
IV	Effects of Current: Chapter 12 and 13	12
V	Natural Resources	05
Total Theory (Term I and II)		80
Internal Assessment Term I		10
Internal Assessment Term II		10
Grand Total		100

TERM - I 

Theme: Materials 

Unit I: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour 

Chapter -1 Chemical reactions and equations 

Chemical reactions: Chemical equation, Balanced chemical equation, implications of a balanced chemical equation, types of chemical reactions: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation, neutralization, oxidation and reduction. 

Chapter – 2 Acids, Bases and Salts 

Acids, bases and salts: Their definitions in terms of furnishing of H+ and OH ions, General properties, examples and uses, concept of pH scale (Definition relating to logarithm not required), importance of pH in everyday life; preparation and uses of Sodium Hydroxide, bleaching powder, Baking soda, Washing soda and Plaster of Paris. 

Chapter – 3 Metals and non – metals 

Metals and nonmetals: Properties of metals and non-metals; Reactivity series; Formation and properties of ionic compounds.

Theme: The World of the Living 

Unit II: World of Living 

Chapter – 6 Life processes 

Life processes: ‘Living Being’. Basic concept of nutrition, respiration, transport and excretion in plants and animals. 

Theme: How Things Work 

Unit III: Natural Phenomena 

Chapter – 10 Light – Reflection and Refraction 

Reflection of light by curved surfaces; Images formed by spherical mirrors, centre of curvature, principal axis, principal focus, focal length, mirror formula (Derivation not required), magnification. Refraction; Laws of refraction, refractive index. Refraction of light by spherical lens; Image formed by spherical lenses; Lens formula (Derivation not required); Magnification. Power of a lens. 

Chapter – 11 Human eye and colourful world 

Refraction of light through a prism, dispersion of light, scattering of light, applications in daily life.

TERM - II 

Theme: Materials 

Unit I: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour 

Chapter – 4 Carbon and its compounds 

Carbon compounds: Covalent bonding in carbon compounds. Versatile nature of carbon. Homologous series. 

Chapter – 5 Periodic classification of elements 

Periodic classification of elements: Need for classification, early attempts at classification of elements (Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table), Modern periodic table, gradation in properties, valency, atomic number, metallic and non-metallic properties. 

Theme: The World of the Living 

Unit II: World of Living 

Chapter – 8 How do organisms reproduce? 

Reproduction: Reproduction in animals and plants (asexual and sexual) reproductive health-need and methods of family planning. Safe sex vs HIV/AIDS. Child bearing and women’s health. 

Chapter – 9 Heredity and Evolution 

Heredity: Heredity; Mendel’s contribution- Laws for inheritance of traits: Sex determination: brief introduction.

Theme: Natural Phenomena 

Unit IV: Effects of Current 

Chapter – 12 Electricity 

Ohm’s law; Resistance, Resistivity, Factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Series combination of resistors, parallel combination of resistors and its applications in daily life. Heating effect of electric current and its applications in daily life. Electric power, Interrelation between P, V, I and R. 

Chapter – 13 Magnetic effects of current 

Magnetic effects of current: Magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, field due to current carrying coil or solenoid; Force on current carrying conductor, Fleming’s Left Hand Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic induction. Induced potential difference, Induced current. Fleming’s Right Hand Rule. 

Theme: Natural Resources 

Unit V: Natural Resources 

Chapter – 15 Our Environment 

Our environment: Eco-system, Environmental problems, Ozone depletion, waste production and their solutions. Biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances.

ONLY FOR INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

Note: Learners are assigned to read the below listed part of Unit V. They can be encouraged to prepare a brief write up on any one concept of this Unit in their Portfolio. This may be an assessment for Internal Assessment and credit may be given (Periodic assessment/Portfolio). This portion of the Unit is not to be assessed in the year-end examination. 

Chapter – 16 Management of natural resources:
Conservation and judicious use of natural resources. Forest and wild life; Coal and Petroleum conservation. Examples of people’s participation for conservation of natural resources. Big dams: advantages and limitations; alternatives, if any. Water harvesting. Sustainability of natural resources.

PRACTICALS 

Practical should be conducted alongside the concepts taught in theory classes. 

TERM-I 

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 

1. A. Finding the pH of the following samples by using pH paper/universal indicator: 

(i) Dilute Hydrochloric Acid 

(ii) Dilute NaOH solution 

(iii) Dilute Ethanoic Acid solution 

(iv) Lemon juice 

(v) Water 

(vi) Dilute Hydrogen Carbonate solution 

B. Studying the properties of acids and bases (HCl & NaOH) on the basis of their reaction with: 

a) Litmus solution (Blue/Red) 

b) Zinc metal 

c) Solid sodium carbonate Unit–I:(Chapter-2) 

2. Performing and observing the following reactions and classifying them into: 

A. Combination reaction 

B. Decomposition reaction 

C. Displacement reaction 

D. Double displacement reaction 

(i) Action of water on quicklime 

(ii) Action of heat on ferrous sulphate crystals 

(iii) Iron nails kept in copper sulphate solution 

(iv) Reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride solutions. Unit-I:(Chapter-1) 

3. A. Observing the action of Zn, Fe, Cu and Al metals on the following salt solutions: 

(i) ZnSO4(aq) 

(ii) FeSO4(aq) 

(iii)CuSO4(aq) 

(iv)Al2 (SO4)3(aq) 

B. Arranging Zn, Fe, Cu and Al (metals) in the decreasing order of reactivity based on the above result.

Unit-I :(Chapter-3)

4. Experimentally show that carbon dioxide is given out during respiration.

Unit-II:(Chapter-6)

5. Determination of the focal length of (i) Concave mirror and (ii) Convex lens by obtaining the image of a distant object.

Unit-III:(Chapter- 10)

6. Tracing the path of a ray of light passing through a rectangular glass slab for different angles of incidence. Measure the angle of incidence, angle of refraction, angle of emergence and interpret the result. Unit-III:(Chapter-10)

7. Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass prism. Unit-III:(Chapter-11)

TERM-II

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 

1. Studying the dependence of potential difference (V) across a resistor on the current (I) passing through it and determining its resistance. Also plotting a graph between V and I.

Unit-IV:(Chapter-12)

2. Studying (a) binary fission in Amoeba, and (b) budding in yeast and Hydra with the help of prepared slides. Unit-II:(Chapter-8)

So, now you must have got a clear understanding of the CBSE Science Syllabus for Class 10. We hope that you find this detailed information on Science Syllabus useful for your studies and preparation of your class 10 exams.